π οΈPoAI - Proof of Artificial Intelligence
Last updated
Last updated
Date: March 13, 2023 Author: NeutrinosChain
In this consensus scheme, a node must train a Neutrinos neural network and use it to solve puzzles provided by the network in order to gain the right to propose the validity of transactions.
Artificial intelligence is a wide-ranging branch of computer science concerned with building smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence.
A smart machine is a device embedded with machine-to-machine (M2M) and/or cognitive computing technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning or deep learning, all of which it uses to reason, problem-solve, make decisions and even, ultimately, take action. Neutrinos is a network of smart machine.
PoW (Proof of WorkοΌprotocol consumes a large number of electricity, PoS (Proof of Stake) and DPOS (Delegated Proof of Stake) are both essentially a centralized voting agreement. To overcome the shortcomings of the above protocols, we present a new energy-saving consensus protocol
PoAI (Proof of Artificial Intelligence) to ensure the decentralization, fast and safety of a blockchain system. Artificial intelligence based on machine learning will become perfect as it is used and will surpass all the currently used consensuses.
A method for intelligently selecting an accounting node, relating to fields of blockchain, virtual currency and artificial intelligence, is provided, including steps of: Calculate the AVN value of each node by Convolutional Neural Network select the random nodes and the super nodes under a certain threshold value. Characteristic data of nodes are taken as the input information of PoAI, and then a node pool and the mining node are determined as outcomes.
On a premise of guaranteeing fairness, decentralization and security of the blockchain, problems of energy waste and low accounting efficiency due to mining conflict are solved. Specifically, a random distribution of accounting rights or mining rights is also adopted for avoiding hacker attacks. The process of constructing a node pool does not require human participation and does not require hash operation to compete computing power, which saves electricity, and ensures fairness and decentralization.
ππ ={Super βͺ Random βͺ Unknown} π=1,2,β¦,ππ’π
Calculate ATN_sorted
Determine the maximum capacity of a node pool πβπππ_πππ₯
Generate a random integer i (0.5 πβπππ_πππ₯ <i<πβπππ_πππ₯) as node number in a node pool ππππ_ππππ_ππ’π
Generate πβπππ (<πππππ _ππππ_ππ’π) to determine the number of super nodes ππ’π_ππ’π
Select the first ππ’π_ππ’π nodes as the Super nodes
Pick π π΄π·_ππ’π random nodes
The ATN values can be obtained from the well-trained convolution neural network, and a ranking list ATN_sorted in descending order is easy to be calculated by stable Merging sort algorithm with low time and space complexity. One node is awarded as a super node as long as its rank is higher than ππ’π_ππ’π .We pick Rπ΄π·_ππ’π random nodes from the ATN_sorted except for Super nodes stochastically.Both super nodes and random nodes form the node pool. The mining node can be picked from the node pool based on a rotation mechanism.
A node pool consisting of super nodes and random nodes realizes fairness of the whole network since both powerful nodes and common nodes participate in transaction record. The mechanism of generating random nodes ensures that the distributed network is capable to resist external some attacks. As the number of nodes in the network increases, the node capacity of the node pool remains unchanged. It is a fact that only nodes in the node pool has the right to mine by turn. This consensus encourages nodes to enhance their personal strength πΆπ π and lower security risk π·π΄π΄ as much as possible in blockchain.
